Based on Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) standard IEEE 1100, power quality is understood to be “the idea of powering and grounding sensitive electronics inside a manner appropriate for that equipment”.
Based on Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) standard IEEE 1100, power quality is understood to be “the idea of powering and grounding sensitive electronics inside a manner appropriate for that equipment”.
WHY POWER QUALITY MATTERS
Power quality and offer reliability are very important. The world is more and more determined by electronics and controls, and sensitivity devices and procedures are heavily determined by a clearly defined power quality. Some facilities operate seven days a week, 24 hrs each day, so get in a very high cost downtime.
Next, the current power company is continuously altering. Urbanization, living standards and advancement in technology have elevated the interest in energy. This rising demand keeps growing the reasons of power grids by growing requirement of greater reliability, efficiency, security and ecological and sustainability concerns.
Most of the electric transmission grids operating all over the world specified for and built greater than a 50 years ago. Most are hard to rely on, have high transmission losses, poor power quality, vulnerable to brownouts and blackouts, supply insufficient electricity, and discourage integration of distributed powers.
To guarantee stable processes and sufficient power regardless of the battling power grids and growing quantity of devices which generate grid distortions, steps must automatically get to enhance the power quality.
Maintaining Power Quality to the stage that’s needed through the application enables safe operation and reduces pricey downtime for organisations. It will help eliminate or reduce problems for example power failure, equipment malfunction, overheating, flickering light, energy waste, etc.
POWER QUALITY STANDARDS
Poor power quality affects generators, distributors, and finish-users of electrical power. There are many standards and guidelines to assist in understanding poor power quality in the finish-user’s point-of-view. Finish-users for example industrial and commercial facilities begin using these standards as power quality metrics.
These metrics are utilized to measure the impact that belongs to them equipment around the serving distribution grid. They’re also accustomed to measure the susceptibility from the finish-user’s own process, instrumentation and control equipment to both inwardly and outwardly generated poor power quality occasions.
Some important standards include:
EN 50161: Characteristics from the current (PQ) in public places electricity supply systems.
IEEE 519: Suggested Practices and Needs for Harmonics Control in Electrical Energy Systems.
IEC/EN 61000-2-4: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC): Ambient conditions compatibility level for low frequency, conducted interferences in industrial plants.
IEC/EN 61000-4-30: Testing and measurement techniques – Power quality measurement methods.
Kinds Of POWER QUALITY PHENOMENON
Harmonics
Harmonics are extra frequencies (multiples of fundamental frequency) that whenever contained in an electric circuit, distort the AC sine wave. Harmonics come from non-straight line electrical loads loads with quickly altering energy consumption. They lead to inefficient operation excess heat (skin effect) decreased efficiency and lifespan of apparatus. Harmonics may cause overheating in neutral conductors, and circuit breakers can trip.
Calculating harmonics will help find out the supply of harmonics within the electrical system, while increasing operational safety and efficiency.
Sags & Swells
Current Sag is home loan business rms current under .9 pu for any duration under 1 min. Current Swell is a rise in rms current more than 1.1 pu for any duration under one minute.
This phenomenon is because heavy energy loads turning off or on (inside) or network problems (outdoors), and can lead to harm to machines and equipment lack of use. Even short interruptions could be catastrophic for sensitive applications.
Calculating might help users avoid damage and pricey downtime.
Transients
Transients are high frequency energy packets which superimpose on fundamental frequency wave and seriously modify the high impedance circuit.
Transients come from switching operation (arcing), lightning strike or malfunction. They are able to cause fast alternation in current, current or load insulation breakdown breaker journeys and harm to equipment.
Calculating might help avoid pricey downtime and harm to equipment.
Unbalance
Unbalance describes deviation in current or current waveform from perfect sinusoidal, when it comes to magnitude or phase shift is known as unbalance inside a system. It is because asymmetry of loads like single phase loads, phase-to-phase loads or unbalanced three phase loads (e.g. welding equipment).
Unbalance causes reduced efficiency excess heat and overheating device failure and harm to equipment reduced lifespan of apparatus.
Calculating might help users increase lifespan, avoid overheating and lower undesirable downtime.
Flicker
When current variations cause light density alterations in lamps, it can cause visual perceptions known as flicker. It is because load variations (furnaces, welding machines, generators, VFDs, large motors) wind turbines, and can lead to visible fluctuations in brightness of the lamp, as well as possible health issues.
Calculating helps to discover what equipment inside the electrical distribution causes Flicker, in order to minimise its impact.
Residual Current Monitoring (RCM)
RCM plays a huge role in high availability supply systems for example Data Centres and Hospitals. Rapid & direct identification of problems and insulation problems helps you to avoid fire risks and increases system availability.
RCM provides extra safety in areas by which no RCDs may be used because of operational reasons.
Preventive maintenance results in greater productivity &uptime.
POWER QUALITY MONITORING (PQM)
Power Quality Monitoring (PQM) is the procedure of gathering, analyzing and interpreting raw measurement data into helpful information. PQM is frequently completed to improve system-wide power quality performance and includes:
- Power Quality metering, monitoring and onsite measurements
- Temporary and Permanent power quality monitoring to facilitate problem solutions
- Documenting and trending system performance to improve system reliability
Advantages of Power Quality Monitoring (Noise EN 50160)
The opportunity to review stored, continuously recorded waveforms works well for detecting issues before an undesirable event recurs. Power quality analysis may also be used for pre-function testing to appear carefully at systems as well as their responses and also to simulate transients along with other occasions.
Power quality analytics could pinpoint exactly what the real cause was e.g. an electric spike, or perhaps a floating ground. Thus, PQM offers benefits. Included in this are:
- Secure, high-availability power
- Assured excellence of the electrical power through continuous monitoring and analysis
- Avoidance of overload situations
- Avoidance of production stoppages
- Maximisation of operating time
- Ensuring product quality and stable processes
- Production-related quality assurance by monitoring the neighborhood power quality
- Optimisation of maintenance costs
JANITZA AND POWER QUALITY MONITORING
For efficient power quality monitoring, power measurement and analysing, Messung presents Janitza’s UMG 512 PRO – a set Class An electrical quality analyzer in compliance with IEC 61000-4-30 Class A and IEEE 519-2014 standards.
Janitza offers complete solutions for PQM and Management Systems. Janitza’s energy measurement technology offers threefold benefits in one system:
- Energy management according to ISO 5001 to lessen energy costs and improve energy-efficiency
- Power quality monitoring according to EN 50160 to lessen downtime, optimise maintenance
- Residual current monitoring to recognize insulation problems faster and improve supply reliability
Janitza offers solutions for each degree of monitoring:
1.Mains Supply (PCC): UMG 512-PRO
2.Low-current primary distribution (LVMD): UMG 509-PRO
3.Sub-distribution: UMG 96-PA
4.Machine, building, cost center: UMG 614-PRO
5.Sub-measurement: UMG 103-CBM
Complete package for PQM according to IEC 61000-4-30
Janitza provides a complete, advanced package of device, software and apps for efficient PQM according to latest industry standards. It offers:
- Power Quality Analyzer, Class A based on IEC 61000-4-30
- GridVis visualisation software for energy management systems as well as for power quality monitoring
- Janitza apps – software with know-how
CONCLUSION
Messung Electrical Engineering may be the authorised distributor for Janitza electronics GmbH, world leader in development and output of energy management solutions. Janitza’s cutting-edge digital energy meters, universal measurement devices, power quality analyzers, peak demand management systems, RCM devices, etc. have placed them among the key suppliers within this market.
In India, because it becomes mandatory for industries, infrastructure projects, data centres, etc. to set up power quality meters and analyzers as reported by the latest IEEE 519-2014 and IEC 61000-4-30 standards, Janitza’s advanced yet cost-effective technologies are growing in relevance.
Janitza’s condition-of-the-art solutions, supported by Messung’s in-depth knowhow and support, might help customers implement the perfect system – that fulfils mandatory needs helping you ensure power quality, maintain supply stability , safeguard assets and lower costs.